Sociology of education in Russia

Abstract

Sociology of education concerns to those disciplines, which formation and institutionalization proceeds at the moment. The occurence of sociology of education in our country cannot be adhered to particular date or publication. The sociological framework itself is rather characteristic for domestic researches of educational problems. In the second half XIX Russian government has launched discussions about educational reform, which stimulated development of researches in the field of the theory and history of education. However the importance of these researches is not necessary to exaggerate. The pre-revolutional literature on this speciality basically is composed from journalistic articles and official chronicles of activity of educational institutions. 1910-th years in Russia become to be developed the first sociological-andstatistical researches of education.
After revolution (1917) the education was put on a service to politics. Accordingly number of the publications of ideological character has sharply increased. The sociological-andstatistical researches have been announced ideologically harmful and practically have been superseded from a public science.
The revival of sociology of education in Russia has taken place in 1960-th, when in Novosibirsk under supervision of V.N.Shubkin the researches of sociological problems of education were begun. Hereinafter the researches on a methods of Shubkin were carried out in Leningrad, in Central Russia, in Latviya, Estoniya, etc.
In the subsequent years it is possible to note occurrence of original works on problems of sociology of education. It is necessary to note researches of N.A.Aitov, I.V.Bestuzhev-Lada, R.G.Gurova, A.G.Zdravomyslov, S.N.Ikonnikov, I.S.Kohn, V.T.Lisovsky, M.N.Rutkewich, M.N.Titma, F.R.Filippov, O.I.Shkaratan, V.A.Yadov.
At the end of 1980-th and in 1990-th - new stage of sociological researches of education, connected with removal of censoring and occurrence essentially of new researhh collectives. Among them it is necessary to allocate created in 1992 Centre of sociology of education, which purpose is not only the realization of new investigations, but also integration of received earlier data.
It is necessary to expect the complication of problems, which challenges the Russian sociology of education. It concerns purposes and methods, both quantitative and qualitative sociological researches of education.