Digital Media Coverage of Child Sexual Abuse: Perspectives of CSA Survivors, Psychologists, and Media Representatives

Abstract

Responsible journalism plays a crucial role in raising the public awareness and understanding of child sexual abuse (CSA). When handled ethically, media coverage can help to shed light on this issue, dispel misconceptions, and empower people to protect children. However, negligent or unethical reporting can worsen the situation, reinforce harmful stereotypes, and hurt victims. Many studies have analysed how English-language media reports on child sexual abuse are often influenced by dominant narratives and myths. Although no systematic analysis of Russian media coverage has been conducted on this topic, the problematic nature of reporting has been acknowledged. Further research is needed to understand how CSA is portrayed in the Russian digital media and how it impacts survivors and those who support them. Through 12 expert interviews with representatives from the digital media, psychologists, and survivors of CSA, we explore how digital media influences the experiences of survivors and affects professionals who work to combat CSA. All participants in the study have been involved in media coverage of CSA, whether by preparing and publishing content about CSA, giving interviews, sharing personal stories, providing psychological support to child survivors of CSA who have been the subject of media attention, or offering expert commentary. Our research findings indicate that media coverage has significant implications for victims, as even limited information can breach their privacy and cause emotional distress. At a societal level, unethical media reporting can discourage victims from seeking help and influence adults’ willingness to take preventive measures. The language, tone, and context of media reports influence public perceptions and contribute to myths surrounding CSA. Professionals working to combat CSA face many challenges, including the manipulation of media to discredit victims and professionals supporting them, and to exonerate accused perpetrators. The study participants emphasized the significant potential of digital media in increasing public awareness of CSA. This is important for preventing violence and for providing better access to support for victims. However, finding a balance between the conflicting roles of media professionals, psychologists, and activists who work to prevent CSA and protect the well-being of survivors remains challenging.